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Layout 布局

原文地址：

https://developer.apple.com/design/human-interface-guidelines/foundations/layout

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A safe area defines the area within a view that isn’t covered by a navigation bar, tab bar, toolbar, or other views a window or scene might provide. Safe areas are essential for avoiding a device’s interactive and display features.

安全区域定义了视图中没有被导航栏、选项卡栏、工具栏或窗口或场景可能提供的其他视图覆盖的区域，它对于设备的交互和显示功能至关重要。

Use placement to convey relative importance. In general, place principal items in the upper half of the screen or window, near the leading side. People typically start in this area, whether they’re looking at the screen or using a screen reader like VoiceOver.

使用位置来传达相对重要性。一般情况下，将主要项目放在屏幕或窗口的上半部分，靠近前面一侧。人们通常从这个领域开始，不管他们是看着屏幕还是使用像 VoiceOver 这样的屏幕阅读器。

嗯，这个符合了人们的阅读习惯。

Elevate essential information by giving it sufficient space. People want to view the most important information instantly, … People can easily access secondary information by scrolling.

通过给予足够的空间来提升重要信息。人们希望在第一屏上立即查看最重要的信息，而次要信息，他们可以通过滚动屏幕进行查看。也就是说，我们在设计界面时，需要充分考虑什么信息是主要的，将它们放在第一位，而次要信息可以适当往下放。

When possible, consider alluding to hidden content by partially displaying offscreen elements.

在可能的情况下，考虑通过部分显示屏幕外的元素来暗示隐藏的内容。

Platform considerations

If it’s essential that your app run in a single orientation, don’t tell people to rotate their device to match; if your app doesn’t rotate automatically when someone holds the device in an unsupported orientation, they’ll know instinctively to rotate it.

对于横屏布局和竖屏布局的考虑，比较重要的一点是，如果你的应用程序必须以单一的方向运行，不要通过设计来暗示用户，他们可以旋转屏幕后继续使用。

iOS keyboard layout guide

iOS 15 引入了 keyboard layout guide（键盘布局），可以帮助开发者更方便地计算弹出键盘后的安全区域布局，如下图为键盘弹出和收回时安全区判断。做设计时如果是指定了常驻底部的元素，那么弹出键盘后如果指定该元素依然浮在键盘上方，开发设置安全区底部绑定键盘区顶部即可。

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TVOS

It can be difficult for people to see content that close to the edges, and unintended cropping can occur due to overscanning on older TVs.

人们很难看到接近边缘的内容，并且由于在旧电视机上可能由于分辨率不足导致画面放大，可能会对内容发生意外的裁剪。因此，在tvOS中，画面的安全区至少是两侧保留80px，上下两端保留60px

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watchOS

Avoid placing more than two or three controls side by side in your interface.
As a general rule, display no more than three buttons that contain glyphs — or two buttons that contain text — in a row. Although it’s usually better to let text buttons span the full width of the screen, two side-by-side buttons with short text labels can also work well, as long as the screen doesn’t scroll.

避免在界面中并排放置多于两个或三个控件。在Apple Watch这个寸土寸金的屏幕中，一行中显示不超过三个包含符号的按钮ーー或两个包含文本的按钮。使用通栏的按钮通常来说会更好操作，但是两个并排的带有短文本标签的按钮也可以很好地工作，因为这样的话就不需要用户进行滚动操作。